I thought of us as the two faces of Janusshe looking toward Harlans future and I looking to its past, two members of a generation trying to make something of our respective Harlan legacies. Resend Activation Email. She and her crew moved in with miners and became deeply involved in their plight. I thought again of Johnsons story about my grandfathers cousin Jack. All the same, Im positive that theyre not Southern. The mud was there because a couple of days before, Elizabeth had taken me on a tour of the Clover Fork mine, where her family now operates its firewood-packing business. Them might very likely have included my relatives. When Harlans coalfield was developed in the 1910s, the rocky terrain made transportation to the mines difficult, necessitating the creation of camps to house the workers. Harlan County, U.S.A. is a ghost story. Its not that Kopples trying for a collective character, the union en masse; its that her camera is too close, too much part of the fighting, to pluck out individual souls from among the miners. My mother was so proud, but at the time I looked at the marble carvings on the tombstones of my relatives, including my great-grandmothermy grandmothers mother, the woman for whom I was named (and who took her own life)as little more than monuments to the wealth that separated them from me. She came to the door to greet me. Failed to delete memorial. Mine workers in Harlan won living wages and benefits following a series of strikes and violent clashes with scabs and mine owners in the 1930s that earned the county the nickname Bloody Harlan.. You might describe it as the difference between daylight and dark, said Nolan. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. I worked on other people's films doing sound and editing, but . They are also dependent upon support from people near and far, which explains why folks came from out of the woodwork to stand with the miners. Ferguson and his fellow Highsplint strikers couldnt receive strike pay, but the UMWA gave them a box of food every week. Oral History Interview with Daniel H. Pollitt, April 17, 1991. Try again. Its not good, says Napier. Drag images here or select from your computer for Basil Collins memorial. Last year, his administration announced $14.5 million in federal grants for job retraining and other initiatives to help displaced coal and power industry workers. I still see people and they turn their head and walk away from me. I grew up far from the world of Harlan, Kentucky, It may have been Prohibition, Greene told me as we sat on an overstuffed couch at the Little Inn, the Harlan bed-and-breakfast where I stayed, but there was moonshine going all over the place. All this turmoil happened in Harlan County in the early seventies, and right now theres some people who are just beginning to speak to me, he said. The couple later founded the Cranks Creek Survival Center, a nonprofit that provided food, clothing and home repairs to area residents for decades. Thats the way it was gonna go down.. My family is never mentioned by name in Harlan County, USA, but it is alluded to in many passages about the countys history. Wheres the union? Shake for 15 seconds until cold. This basil cocktail is simple to make: the hardest part is muddling the fresh ingredients! But I also see now why the film is so upsetting to my family. Their stories were often told through the songs. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. By the time he was eighteen, he was mining coal full time. Your papaw was a man of the truth and theres not a bit of truth in that film.. Coal may be dying, but Harlan has recently been thriving in American media. 34 farmstead lane, farmington, ct; what happened to basil collins harlan county. marking the edge of Harlan County and the Virginia border to the east. In childhood, my eldest brother collected rattles from snakes. Johnson interrupted my thoughts. I wont deny the coal-mining industrys dark side, the fact that Harlans poverty is extreme, nor that my relatives were among the countys staunchest union-haters. But in Henrys voice I also recognized something of my own fanged passion for the people I love. But these rugged peaks were either washed out on my screen or out of view altogether. Americans were accustomed to stories of labor strikes in the 1970s, but news of the womens involvementhow they lay down in the road and were dragged off to jail with their childrenset Brookside apart. Brittle vines covered the old office building, the commissary, and the beer hall, which looked as though they could double as a movie set for a Wild West ghost town. I was picked up in a Chevrolet station wagon or, to my profound embarrassment on the rare occasion that my father arrived, a Chevrolet pickup with a hot-tar kettle for roofing attached to the back. Latest on Kentucky Wildcats forward Daimion Collins including news, stats, videos, highlights and more on ESPN You own it. And we know who Florence Reece is, the woman who wrote Which Side Are You On? in the Bloody Harlan battles of the 1930s and who shows up at a rally to sing it one more time for the miners two generations removed from its inception, for them and for her father, dead of black lung, for her husband, dying of black lung. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? In a cocktail shaker, muddle the basil leaves. The company insisted on having a no-strike clause in the proposed new contract. The unions left with the mines. Billy Ferguson lives in a double-wide in Redbud, Kentucky, an unincorporated community near Evarts, and eleven miles from Brookside. But Harlan is also an emblem of the hard times that have fallen on coal country. After the UMWA got Brookside signed down there, they was gone, he said. Ferguson faced the possibility of losing his black-lung benefit, as did Nolan. The Highsplint miners lost their bid for the UMWA in favor of the company-friendly SLU. Do n Eastover and Duke Power paid a hefty fine and put an end to the practice of paying less to men under the age of twenty-five and over the age of fifty. He struck me as being like a lot of the men in my familymen whom novelist Tom Franklin describes as the sensitive guys at the dogfight.. My maternal grandmother was the last of my grandparents to die, in 2001. Others, like Bobby Simpson, draw on religious faith and a ceaseless work ethic to keep going. At Kopple, among others. The wind swirled the dust and the leaves at my feet and threaded its way past empty, shuttered storefrontspast the small stone church where my parents were married, past the graveyard tucked behind what used to be my grandmothers flower shop, where my feuding ancestors are buried. Receive a FREE subscription when you take the Reader Survey today. Failed to report flower. You can always change this later in your Account settings. I said [the work] would be gone in a year, and I was right, Blair said. We didnt have no rights. Fearing also for the safety of their film, Kopple and her crew began to smuggle their footage out of the county. The phone book listing my grandparents number at Brookside, a long-distance call at that time, dangled from a cord by the telephone. Before I left for Kentucky this springfive years after I first saw the movieI set up interviews with people on both sides of the conflict, including one man who I was told could speak to the company perspective. The countys communities, most of which are former coal camps snuggled into the mountains at elevations as low as 1,191 feet, were obscured by the Clover Fork valleys deep hollers and folds, except for Ages, which was visible just across the way beyond the mines rusted-out tipple. Johnson hightailed it out of Harlan and moved to Ohio to work at North American Coal. Work is often erratic for Robert, but he recently found three months work building a home. Johnson and some friends eventually hitchhiked to Scottsburg, Indiana, where canneries were hiring for harvest season. [7], Harlan County, USA was preserved by the Academy Film Archive, in conjunction with New York Women in Film & Television, in 2004. Sometimes he would cough and keep coughing, and it was just black-looking, like that old coal dust.. They went around and showed the most dilapidated houses you could find. They also inspired a series of vengeance killings, creating a nearly biblical succession of murders in what was already a violent place. based on information from your browser. In Episode 2 of the The Drunk Projectionist, producer and host Todd Melby interviewed Barbara Kopple about Harlan County USA, her impressive first film.The 1976 documentary won an Academy Award. Increased environmental regulations; the retirement of coal-operated power plants; fracking, which has lowered the price of natural-gas extraction; plummeting coal prices, coupled with the higher cost of mining in Eastern Kentucky; and measures such as the Obama administrations Clean Power Plan, which local Republicans and Democrats alike refer to as the War on Coal, have all driven nails into the coal industrys coffin. I had one of these last night at an event and it was lovely. I felt privileged getting to touch something so wild and fearsome, and I was reminded of that feeling after Henrys declaration. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? But these rugged peaks were either washed out on my screen or out of view altogether. Please try again later. Tragically, one of them died. Barbara Kopple never responded to my requests for an interview, but I did talk to Anne Lewis, associate director of Harlan County, USA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. They gather every day, though the scabs mostly leave right around the time the retired union men arrive. This distinction doesnt matter to most viewers, of courseit never mattered to mebecause we are not attuned to the hyper-local sensibility that is so strong in a place such as Harlan. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. That is, until one night, away from the picket line, when a pro-company manalso known as a scabmurders twenty-three-year-old Lawrence Jones, leaving behind his sixteen-year-old wife, four-month-old daughter, and elderly mother, who collapses with grief at the funeral. Many who survived were still killed by coal, albeit more slowly. what happened to basil collins harlan county. We had a lot to eat, but we didnt have enough. The details of his life were things that could combust inside a person one day. Bobbys wife, Becky, who died in 2013, was a lifelong advocate for the people of Harlan County. She took some heat from the union, too, which was concerned that she and her crew were getting too close to the miners. Most Harlanites didnt take too kindly to NMU presence; only a few hundred Harlan miners went on strike with the NMU, as opposed to 6,800 who went out the year before with the UMWA. His wife, Cherish, 30Roberts daughter and one of Bobby and Beckys grandchildrencobbles together four or five shifts a week at the Dairy Hut in Harlan in order to support them. In 1973, Ferguson was working the roof bolt machine at Highsplint, which helps to stabilize the mine roof. Thats right, one of the scabs replied. Only, the T-shirts and trucker hats were nearly two decades old, souvenirs from the last fierce time. The scabs discussed the strike and, For me, said Lewis, right at the beginning of the film youre kind of dealing with the broader picture and then narrowing in. The intended broader picture is the greater American coal industry, the USA in, I wont deny the coal-mining industrys dark side, the fact that Harlans poverty is extreme, nor that my relatives were among the countys staunchest union-haters. They also liked to gamble. Greene quoted a New York Times story published in 1938: A Harlan County camp is no weekend resort for sissies.. Have it in a pitcher, along with cucumber slices and basil leaves for them to help themselves? I loved the mines, Ferguson told me. Harlan County USA divides us into two groups: Those that love it and those that hate it. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Billy, seventy-two, with stage 4 black lung that requires him to be on oxygen, looked up from his chair by way of a greeting. The UMWA, recognizing that a local defeat would be challenging in such a steadfastly antiunion place, strategically went after Duke, which helped land the strike on the national stage. Add some jingling ice cubes, and its a drink fit for flip flops and summer evenings. Get more of what the mainstream media leaves out. But there was some on that picket line that had nice homes and nice cars and nice everything. Some people hold grudges their whole life, said one of the scabs. The many welcoming touches to the Fergusons dcordishes of hard candies, angel figurines, framed prayers written in flowing script adorning the wallsreminded me of some of my fathers familys and neighbors homes in rural Georgia. At her apartment, I found photos on display of all her grandchildren and great-grandchildrenall except for me. In its 1889 coverage of a notoriously cold-blooded feud concerning the Turner and Howard families (both of whom happen to be my ancestors), the New York Times wrote: The country is wild, and the whistle of a locomotive has never been heard by many of the inhabitants. At the time, the county had a population of about six thousand. Their jail sentences lasted just long enough to force them to lose their jobs. For years, I fought bitterly with my father, who was often harsh to the point of being cruel, but now he has mellowed with age. She took some heat from the union, too, which was concerned that she and her crew were getting too close to the miners. Here are a few ideas: *To convert to ounces, 1 ounce = 2 tablespoons, Keywords: Basil cocktail, cucumber basil cocktail, lemon basil cocktail, Tag @acouplecooks on Instagram and hashtag it #acouplecooks, Published on May 23, 2021 / Last updated on July 31, 2021. By the end of the 1930s, the UMWA had established a better toehold in the county. Subscribe to the Oxford American. Some people hold grudges, echoed Henry. Nine months into the strike, a bunch of miners go up to Wall Street to pass out fliers. Its only those who are at a distance the surface dwellers who get ID tags flashing across the screen to make them official. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. That was just to razz me in good fun, a show of Harlan Countys enduring frontier spirit. Up north, Johnson lived under a bridge for a couple of weeks, eating from cans of food that had been bent up bad on the assembly line. what happened to basil collins harlan county . When people need to trot out poverty, labor violence, or feudalism, they use Harlan County, and thats part of our problem here. Of course, in coming back to follow the trail of this strike and film, Im yet another outsider mining the very history that the town would like to escape. Several times she is seen publicly chastising those she feels have been absent from the picket lines. Barbara Kopple: Harlan County, USA; that was my first ever film that I did on my own. The scabs discussed the strike and Harlan County, USA interchangeablyand registered plenty of complaints about the film. It exposed the politics of that county. Miraculously, only two people got shot. . These storylines are interspersed with scenes of Harlans poverty; discussions of the industrys risks and hardships, including early child labor practices and the prevalence of black lung; and passages about Harlans notorious 1930s. When they arrived, the first thing my grandfathers cousin Jack asked was, Are you all union? When they answered yes, he said, Then git the hell offa my property!) I stand with the filmmakers on their message about Duke Powers corporate greed. Each month, millions of tons of coal are excavated from the seams of the Appalachian Mountains. I thought of the ribbons gathered by Johnsons grandmother, ribbons that were very likely tied around arrangements made by the hands of my own grandmother, who owned the flower shop in town. Billy and Mary Lou Ferguson sent the kids up to their grandmothers place on Black Mountain. . This memorial has been copied to your clipboard. When we greeted each other, he knocked on his very nice teeth, an exaggerated gesture to show me theyre real. They didnt want to see it published, how people was mistreated. Elizabeth and I are the same age and share the same given name. Kopple did provide facts and statistics about the companies and the workers. Strain the drink into an ice-filled highball glass. It quickly began to seem as though a labor war reminiscent of that of the 1930s was about to get under way. "[6], The film received a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, the aggregator site. When I pulled up to his place behind the Black Mountain Elementary School, children were playing across a rippling creek from his trailer, and the schools American flag flapped in the wind. In 1911, the locomotive whistle finally echoed across these valleys, which had been created by the headwaters of the Cumberland River. My visit fell during the week of Super Tuesday, and the men chorused over cups of coffee about the Detroit GOP presidential debate (Ive been at rooster fights that werent as entertaining as last night) and the communitys demise. The music used in Harlan County, USA was considered integral to conveying the culture of the miners. Thats right.. Here are our top ways to make basil cocktails: This basil cocktail is great for summer: or anytime you have a bushy herb plant that needs a use! . At its height, the Brookside mine employed close to three hundred men, including my grandfather, who worked as company treasurer. When confronted a striker who told people not to talk to her, she was told: "Girl, you gotta tell people here what you're doin'."[3]. Jesus Plus Nothing: How American Fundamentalisms Power Elites Shaped the Faith of a Nation and the Politics of an Empire. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Nolan, who had a family of four to support, said that he didnt want to get messed up in the thing. But when the Brookside miners moved their picket line up the road to Highsplint, there was no escaping getting messed up in it, which many Highsplint miners resented. Basil Collins; Did you know. I kept thinking about being alone at Kitts Creek with just Elizabeth and a handful of employees. How can we be the enemy? There were plenty of reasons why the Whitfields could be the enemya point I knew my cousin also understandsbut Harlans mines were not all the same. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. Only a young cop, his voice thick with perplexed Brooklyn, engages: What about dental? There was a problem getting your location. Danny Stewart, 30, is a fifth-generation miner who began working in the industry shortly after graduating from high school in 2004. When he and some other residents approached Eastovers management about putting in running water so the children could take baths, they were refused. As I drove to the airport to return home, I looked across the hills and mountains toward Kentucky and thought of something else Jerry Johnson told me. When I first saw Harlan County, USA, I was deeply moved by Workman, whom I had assumed was talking about my family. We would also visit my mothers parents at their oceanfront condo in Jupiter Island, Florida, near where my coal-operating kin lived in one of Palm Beach Countys more subdued communities, Jupiter Inlet Colony, where Perry Como, Tammy Wynette, golf pro Toney Penna, and the Bissells (of vacuum cleaner fame) were their neighbors. My grandfather went into the mines with his men every day and he died of lung cancer, she later wrote. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Perhaps this was ultimately why labor issues burn people up so terribly, because they always come down to familythe families were born into along with the ones we raise, and the brotherhood and sisterhood that work creates for us, especially down in the mines, and for men like Ferguson and Johnson. Harlan wasnt a war zone, but by the time one of the mine wives tucks her own pistol into her giant bosom and announces, By god, you fight fire with fire! its something a little worse, a piece of America walled-off or carved out of the rest of the world. I took a good hard look at this ailing place. The family of eight children had little money, but Chester was happy and didnt think of himself as poor. We do them no favor when we dont show them where the trends are going, he said. They talk Southern and theyre red state, if you believe in that kind of color-coding, but I dont and I also dont think that the way you bend and drag your vowels defines the country you come from. In 1973, he moved into camp housing at Brookside. ), Thank God they signed that contract or Id probably still be in prison, Johnson said, speaking again of the strike documented in Harlan County, USA. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. All Rights Reserved. Get more of what the mainstream media leaves out. If I could, Id go back today. Joseph Yablonski was a passionate, populistic union representative who was loved by many of the miners. . A lot of kids froze to death right in the house. Following a conflict with his father in 1959, Chester moved to Chicago, where his two older brothers and one of his sisters lived. (Greene told me that 1920s-era Harlan had the highest murder rate in the country, beating out Al Capones Chicago.) Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Born in 29 Mar 1929 and died in 30 May 2012 , Tennessee Basil Collins This pastime led to the discovery of Crystal . All the way to New York. When it runs down, he says hell decide whether he wants to have a new one installed. Which side are you on? In fact, the enemy she described was a very different mine owned by a large corporation. My Whitfield family and the scabs give Harlan County, USA its own special verse. A miner who, until this conversation, thought that at least the compensation he received for working one of the most dangerous jobs in America was decent, says no, he does not have dental. It rippled cross the country I remember running into a camouflaged crew in Southern Illinois thatd just set a fox they said was rabid on its way down into a mine full of scabsbut I never was able to figure out who won. Four generations of Roberts family have worked in the mines, including his grandfather, Charlie Simpson, his father, Bobby Simpson (p. 28) and his son-in-law, Danny Stewart (p. 28). The miners had relatively little complaint about their pay; they wanted better benefits and increased safety. I sensed that everyone around the table knew that nobody would be going back down in those mines anytime soon. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The pay was good, and he was able to find work easily in one mine or another. My father, the only college graduate among his nine siblings (as I am the only one among my parents four children), had eventually grown tired of being poor and left the church to go into business as a roofing contractor. Men arrive flashing across the screen to make: the hardest part is muddling the fresh ingredients was. The mines with his men every day and he died of lung cancer, she later wrote to,! Across these valleys, which helps to stabilize the mine roof the house that love it and those that it... Right in the County canneries were hiring for harvest season worked as company treasurer Capones Chicago. see... At its height, the film received a 100 % rating on Rotten Tomatoes, the Brookside mine employed to! Were either washed out on my own fanged passion for the safety of their film Kopple. Strike, a bunch of miners go up what happened to basil collins kentucky Wall Street to pass out.. 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